Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1) Blood Test, Quantitative, RNA (Abbott® RealTime)

What is the purpose of this test?

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1) Blood Test, Quantitative, RNA (Abbott® RealTime) measures the amount of HIV-1 RNA in the blood to help diagnose HIV infection, monitor disease progression, and assess the effectiveness of treatment. Unlike standard HIV antibody tests, which detect the body's immune response to the virus, this test directly measures the presence of the virus itself. It is particularly useful for early detection before antibodies develop, typically within 10 to 12 days of exposure.

Doctors use this HIV viral load test to track how well a patient responds to antiretroviral therapy (ART). A decreasing viral load indicates that treatment is working, while a rising viral load may suggest treatment resistance or poor adherence to medication. This test is also essential for people newly diagnosed with HIV to establish a baseline viral load and determine the best course of action for managing their health.

Who should get this test?

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1) Blood Test, Quantitative, RNA may be beneficial for individuals who:

• May have had recent exposure to HIV and need early detection.
• Have been diagnosed with HIV-1 and need to monitor their viral load.
• Are starting or adjusting antiretroviral therapy (ART).
• Have symptoms of acute HIV infection, such as fever, sore throat, rash, or swollen lymph nodes.
• Are at high risk for HIV infection, including those with multiple sexual partners or those who share needles.
• Are pregnant and living with HIV to help manage the risk of transmission to the baby.

When should I order the Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1) Blood Test, Quantitative, RNA (Abbott® RealTime)?

Individuals may consider ordering this test if they have symptoms or exposure concerns related to HIV-1.

Symptoms to consider:

• Fever, sore throat, or flu-like symptoms within 2 to 4 weeks of possible exposure.
• Swollen lymph nodes, muscle aches, or joint pain without a clear cause.
• Fatigue or unexplained weight loss over time.
• Skin rashes or mouth ulcers that don’t heal easily.
• Chronic diarrhea or night sweats.

If you have these symptoms or suspect HIV-1 exposure, the Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1) Blood Test, Quantitative,RNA can provide valuable insights to guide your doctor in early detection, treatment monitoring, and long-term health management.