Endomysial Antibody Blood Test, IgA

What is the purpose of this test?

The Endomysial Antibody Blood Test, IgA is used to help diagnose celiac disease, an autoimmune disorder in which the body reacts to gluten—a protein found in wheat, rye, and barley—by attacking the small intestine. This test detects IgA antibodies to endomysium, a connective tissue protein that lines the small intestinal muscles. When someone with celiac disease consumes gluten, their immune system produces these antibodies, which can damage the lining of the intestine and lead to poor nutrient absorption and long-term health problems.

The Endomysial Antibody (EMA) IgA test is known for its high specificity and is often used alongside other tests like tissue transglutaminase (tTG) IgA to confirm a diagnosis. A positive result typically indicates a strong likelihood of celiac disease, especially if the person has been eating gluten-containing foods. This test is particularly helpful in evaluating unexplained digestive issues, malnutrition, or nutrient deficiencies. Detecting celiac disease early through this blood test can help prevent complications such as anemia, osteoporosis, infertility, and intestinal damage.

Who should get this test?

The Endomysial Antibody Blood Test, IgA may benefit:

• Individuals with symptoms of celiac disease, such as chronic diarrhea, bloating, or abdominal pain
• People with nutrient deficiencies, especially iron, vitamin D, or B12
• Those with unexplained weight loss or malnutrition
• Patients with a family history of celiac disease or autoimmune disorders
• Children with delayed growth or failure to thrive
• Individuals with type 1 diabetes, thyroid disease, or autoimmune liver disorders
• Those considering a gluten-free diet who want to confirm a diagnosis beforehand
• People with dermatitis herpetiformis, an itchy skin condition linked to gluten sensitivity

When should I order the Endomysial Antibody Blood Test, IgA?

Individuals may consider ordering this test if they have symptoms that may be related to celiac disease or gluten sensitivity.

Symptoms to consider:

• Chronic diarrhea or constipation
• Bloating, gas, or abdominal pain
• Nausea or vomiting
• Unexplained weight loss
• Fatigue or low energy levels
• Skin rashes, especially itchy blisters (dermatitis herpetiformis)
• Joint pain or weakness
• Delayed growth or puberty in children
• Iron-deficiency anemia that doesn’t improve with supplements

If you are experiencing these symptoms, the Endomysial Antibody Blood Test, IgA can help identify an immune response linked to gluten and support the diagnosis of celiac disease.