What is autoimmune hepatitis?
Autoimmune hepatitis is a chronic liver disease caused by a mistake in the immune system. In this condition, the body's antibodies attack healthy liver tissue, leading to inflammation that can cause severe scarring and damage to the liver over time. Although medical treatment can help to reduce inflammation and prevent complications, it is worth noting that symptoms may not appear in the early stages of the disease. Therefore, it is crucial to undergo regular check-ups with a healthcare provider to ensure timely detection and management of the condition.
What is the purpose of this test?
Order this Autoimmune Hepatitis Blood Test Panel, which screens for autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) by detecting the presence of 3 types of antibodies (ASMA, ANA, and Anti-LKM-1) in the blood. There are different types of AIH that can be identified through an antibody test, as each type involves distinct autoantibodies that attack different liver cells.
The most common form of the disease, known as Type 1 AIH or the "classic" type, makes up 80% of diagnosed cases. It can affect anyone and is identified by the presence of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and anti-smooth-muscle antibodies (ASMA). Type 1 is often called "lupoid hepatitis" because its clinical symptoms resemble those of systemic lupus erythematosus. Healthcare providers perform an ASMA blood test to distinguish between the two conditions. On the other hand, Type 2 AIH is a more severe and uncommon form that typically appears earlier in life, often during childhood, and progresses more rapidly than Type 1. Type 2 AIH involves the production of anti-liver-kidney microsome type 1 antibodies (anti-LKM-1), which specifically target cytochrome P450-2D6 (CYP2D6) protein in liver cells.
This panel includes the following:
- Actin Smooth Muscle Antibody (ASMA)
- Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA)
- Liver-Kidney Microsomal Antibody (Anti-LKM-1)
When should I order an Autoimmune Hepatitis Blood Test Panel?
Individuals may order this panel if they have experienced symptoms related to autoimmune hepatitis. Common signs or symptoms of this condition may include:
- Fatigue
- Jaundice
- Abdominal pain
- Joint pain or swelling
- Flu-like symptoms
- Itchiness
- Large abdomen due to enlarged liver and spleen
- Spiderlike blood vessels in the skin
- Dark-colored urine
- Pale or gray-colored stools
- Loss of appetite
- Fluid buildup in the belly
- Confusion
- Rectal bleeding or vomiting blood
Preparation:
No special preparation is required.
Test Results:
4-7 days. May take longer based on weather, holiday, or lab delays.
